prometheus通过负载均衡访问代理下的node

一· 准备机器

keepalived主 192.168.48.128

keepalived备 192.168.48.129

nginx1+prometheus联邦 192.168.48.130

nginx2+prometheus联邦 192.168.48.131

主节点prometheus 192.168.48.132

二· 安装配置

2.1· 安装软件

2.1.1· 所有节点都安装软件

yum -y install wget curl git unzip vim nano net-tools iproute telnet nmap gzip bzip2 zip tree ncdu openssh openssh-server htop iftop istop sysstat fail2ban

2.1.2· keepalived节点安装软件

yum install -y keepalived ipvsadm

2.1.3· nginx+prometheus节点安装软件

yum install -y nginx&& systemctl start nginx && systemctl enable nginx

2.2· 配置keepalived主备节点

我们这里是yum安装的keepalived,内网情况下可以选用编译安装

2.2.1· 主keepalived配置(需要改的用一个#号表示,两个##可变可不变)

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  # 打开keepalived.conf主配置文件

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id LVS_R1      # 修改keepalived路由ID,主备节点设置不同
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER           # 主节点配置MASTER,备节点配置SLAVE
    interface ens33        # 配置通信网卡
    virtual_router_id 62   # 虚拟路由ID,主备必须一致
    priority 99            # 节点优先级,数值越大,表示越优先
    advert_int 1           ## VRRP 广播间隔时间，单位为秒
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS     ## 认证方式为PASS
        auth_pass 1111     ## 密码为1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.48.200/24  # 集群vip地址为192.168.48.200/24
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.48.200 80 {  # 配置集群地址,端口80
    delay_loop 6           ## 健康检查的间隔时间，每3秒检查一次后端服务器状态
    lb_algo rr             ## 负载均衡算法，使用轮询（rr）方式
    lb_kind DR             # LVS 集群模式，使用Direct Routing（DR）模式
    persistence_timeout 0  # 这里设置成0,在客户端curl集群地址时才会一直变化,不然需要等待一段时间,或是直接把这个timeout这个参数删除
    protocol TCP           ## 使用TCP协议进行负载均衡

    real_server 192.168.48.130 80 {  # 配置后端nginx1地址,端口80
        weight 1           ## 服务器权重，权重相同表示流量均等分配
        TCP_CHECK {        ## 健康检查方式
            connect_timeout 10    ## TCP健康检查的连接超时时间，3秒内成功连接视为健康
            retry 3               ## 重试次数
            delay_before_retry 3  ## 重试间隔
            connect_port 80       ## 检查的目标端口
        }
}
    real_server 192.168.48.131 80 {  # 配置后端nginx2地址,端口80
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 80
        }
    }
}

2.2.2· 配置完后重启keepalived(双节点)

systemctl restart keepalived && systemctl enable keepalived

2.3· 配置nginx+prometheus联邦节点

2.3.1· 两个节点都是一样的配置(nginx配置)

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf  # 打开nginx主配置文件
找到server区域进行配置

server {
    listen    80;
    server_name  keepalived_master.com;  # 这里配置的是我们的集群地址,只不过这里使用的是域名解析,在prometheus主节点/etc/hosts配置即可
    location / {
        proxy_http_version      1.1;
        proxy_redirect          off;
        proxy_set_header        Host             $host:$server_port;
        proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header        X-Forworded-For  $proxy_add_x_forworded_for;
        proxy_set_header        X-Nginx-Proxy    true;
        proxy_set_header        Upgrade          $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header        Connection       "upgrade"
        proxy_set_header        "http://192.168.48.130:9090" # 配置成本地prometheus节点或者其他地址prometheus节点
    }
}

注: 一定配置完全后重启服务,不然就爽了

systemctl restart nginx && systemctl enable nginx

2.3.2· prometheus配置

首先下载prometheus和node_exporter安装包,要图形显示,可以安装grafana安装包

wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.54.1/prometheus-2.54.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.8.2/node_exporter-1.8.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise-11.2.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

下载完成后解压,随后可以配置systemd启动

prometheus启动(system)

cat > /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=prometheus
[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/monitor/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/opt/monitor/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/opt/monitor/prometheus/data --web.enable-admin-api  --storage.tsdb.max-block-duration=2h --web.external-url=prometheus
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

node_exporter启动(system)

cat > /etc/systemd/systemd/node_exporter.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
Documentation=node_exporter Monitoring System
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/monitor/node_exporter/node_exporter --web.listen-address=:9100

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

grafana-server启动(system)

cat > /etc/systemd/system/grafana.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=Grafana
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/root/grafana-v11.2.0/bin/grafana-server \
 --config=/root/grafana-v11.2.0/conf/defaults.ini \
 --homepath=/root/grafana-v11.2.0

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

打开prometheus主配置文件

vim /opt/monitor/prometheus/prometheus.conf  

- job_name: 'test-linux'  # 随便取名字
  file_sd_configs:
  - files: ['node/linux.yml']  # node的yml配置文件,需要新建node目录
    refresh_interval: 30s   # 30秒刷新

# 新建目录后,打开yml文件
vim node/linux.yml
- targets:
  - 192.168.48.130:9100
  - 192.168.48.131:9100

双节点都按照这样配置完成后，分别启动prometheus和node_exporter,因为不一定负载调度到那一台上

三· prometheus主节点配置

3.1· 打开/hosts文件

vim /etc/hosts

192.168.48.200  keepalived-master.com  # 把集群地址和域名进行解析

3.2· 修改prometheus主配置文件

- job_name: "keepalived-master"
  honor_labels: true
  metrics_path: "/prometheus/federate"
  params:
     'match[]':
         - '{job=~".*"}'
  static_configs:
     - targets: ['keepalived-master.com:80']  # 集群地址和端口信息

配置完成后就可以启动prometheus服务,打开官网查看是否接收到数据即可